What ecological purpose does the breakdown of algae following fertilization serve?

The breakdown of algae following fertilization plays a vital role in the ecosystem, primarily by enriching the sediment. As algae die and decompose, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are released back into the sediment, contributing to the nutrient cycling process. This enrichment supports the growth of other aquatic plants and the overall health of the ecosystem, aiding in the sustenance of various marine species.

The decomposition process is crucial because it can also lead to the creation of organic materials that form the substrate for benthic organisms, promoting biodiversity. The end result is a healthier and more productive aquatic environment. This ecological function underscores the interconnectedness of marine species, their habitats, and the nutrients that drive life in coastal ecosystems.